Systematic review: Chocolate can reduce heart disease risk by a third

By Shane Starling

- Last updated on GMT

Go on, stuff your face...well, maybe just one or two...
Go on, stuff your face...well, maybe just one or two...

Related tags Epidemiology Polyphenol antioxidant

A Cambridge University-led systematic review published today in the British Medical Journal has concluded that polyphenol-rich chocolate consumption can reduce the risk of heart disease by a third.

The review highlighted seven studies with more than 100,000 participants and concluded that while more studies were required, “levels of chocolate consumption seem to be associated with a substantial reduction in the risk of cardiometabolic disorders.”

“The highest levels of chocolate consumption were associated with a 37% reduction in cardiovascular disease (relative risk 0.63 (95% confidence interval 0.44 to 0.90)) and a 29% reduction in stroke compared with the lowest levels.”

They suggested chocolate consumption could be a viable means to reduce heart disease and metabolic syndrome rates, especially if products could be formulated with lower fat and sugar content, which they warned of.

The heart disease effect was down to the polyphenol content of dark or milk chocolate including chocolate bars, drinks, biscuits and desserts, they suggested.

“These favourable effects seem mainly mediated by the high content of polyphenols present in cocoa products and probably accrued through increasing the bioavailability of nitric oxide, which subsequently might lead to improvements in endothelial function, reductions in platelet function, and additional beneficial effects on blood pressure, insulin resistance, and blood lipids,” ​they wrote.

The researchers said their work represented the first time studies had assessed, “the different existing studies that evaluated the associations of chocolate consumption with cardiometabolic events.”

The nascent state of chocolate-heart research was the reason for this they said, noting four of the seven selected studies were published in 2010.

Developing world potential

The researchers found the prevalence of cacao crops in the developing world meant chocolate could be utilised there more to mitigate increasing rates of heart disease.

“…considering the acceptability and popularity of chocolate, the applicability of its consumption as a recommendation might suit multiple populations. This would be particularly relevant in developing countries, where most of the cacao plantations and production sites are locate…”

“Chocolate could therefore provide a natural, convenient, and generally welcome prophylactic against the growing epidemics of cardiometabolic disorders in developing countries.”

Experimental evidence will be needed

But they noted none of the selected trials were controlled, randomised studies with six cohort studies and a cross sectional study, and therefore offered the caveat: “We expect further studies will be done to confirm or refute the results of our analyses.”

“Of special importance, experimental evidence will be needed before any level of causality can be inferred from the existing findings, and residual confounding could be considered as a potential explanation for the associations observed.”

The findings were presented this morning at the European Society of Cardiology Congress in Paris.

The World Health Organization predicts that by 2030, nearly 23.6 million people will die from heart disease each year.

Source: British Medical Journal

BMJ 2011;343:d4488 doi: 10.1136/bmj.d448

‘Chocolate consumption and cardiometabolic disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis’

Authors: Oscar Franco, PhD, et al


Related news

Show more

Related products

show more

Krill oil supports six key areas of healthy aging

Krill oil supports six key areas of healthy aging

Content provided by Aker BioMarine | 14-Feb-2024 | White Paper

The global population is getting older—according to WHO by 2050 the world’s population over 60 years will double and the population above 80 years will...

Latest Research Findings on Omega-3s for Heart Health

Latest Research Findings on Omega-3s for Heart Health

Content provided by GC Rieber VivoMega™ | 12-Feb-2024 | White Paper

According to Grandview Research, the global omega-3 market is a $2.62 billion market and is one of the fastest-growing segments in the dietary supplement...

Kaneka Ubiquinol® and Preconception Health

Kaneka Ubiquinol® and Preconception Health

Content provided by Kaneka Nutrients – Manufacturer and Supplier of Kaneka Ubiquinol® | 02-Feb-2024 | White Paper

An ally in the fight against oxidative stress, Kaneka Ubiquinol® offers antioxidant support for men and women concerned about reproductive health.

Related suppliers

1 comment

Chocolate in heart disease reduction

Posted by Herman Rutner, Biotech consultant,

The beneficial effect of chocolate is probably due to its polyphenol contents, hence taking natural non-dutched cocoa powder by itself, as used for baking, would eliminate 3 potentially harmful dietary components: sugar, saturated fats and milk proteins. The latter has been reported to interfere with uptake of polyphenols, possibly by capture inside milk fat globules. Many chocolates also contain dutched or alkali processed cocoa powder to reduce/destroy the bitterness of polyphenols (how ironic!). The residual sodium content, ideally zero mg, is an indicator of alkali treatment. But chocolate is a viable option if taken as 70% bitter not milk chocolate with low sodium content from a reputable manufacturer. But a preferred mode would be adding about 1-2 tbsp natural cocoa powder to the ideal breakfast: old fashioned oatmeal containing a little butter, cinnamon and optionally stevia or a low calorie sweetener like erythritol or trehalose. Oatmeal contains not only much fiber but also beta glucan that has been shown to be an immune booster and colonic cancer inhibitor.

Report abuse

Follow us

Products

View more

Webinars